5-A 5月(国内ニュース)
(81) ( / ) Genetic tests have confirmed that Japan’s first suspected flu patient is not infected with a new strain of virus.
(May 1)
➀ genetic test(遺伝子検査)
➁ patient = a person registered to receive medical treatment
➂ new strain of virus(新型ウィルス)
(訳)新型の豚インフルエンザに日本で初めて感染したと疑われていた患者は感染していないことが遺伝子検査で確認できた。
(82) ( / ) Japan’s Foreign Minister Hirofumi Nakasone met with Egypt’s President Hosni Mubarak in Cairo on Sunday to say Japan appreciates Egypt’s mediation efforts for peace in the Middle East.
(May 4)
➀ meet with~(~と会談する)
➁ appreciate = be grateful for
➂ mediation efforts for peace(中東和平努力の仲介役)
(訳)日本の中曽根外相は日曜日エジプトのムバラク大統領と会談し、エジプトの中東和平努力の仲介役に対し日本の謝意を伝えた。
(83) ( / ) The mayors of the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, scenes of the atomic bomb attacks in 1945, have appealed for worldwide nuclear disarmament at the United Nations in New York.
(May 4)
➀ scene = the place where an incident in real life occurred
➁ appeal for ~(~を求めて訴える)
➂ worldwide nuclear disarmament(全世界を対象にする核軍縮)
(訳)1945年に原子爆弾による攻撃を受けた都市、広島と長崎、の市長がニューヨークの国際連合で全世界を対象にする核軍縮を求めて訴えた。
<ニュースの背景13>―被爆都市―広島と長崎―の訴え―
原子爆弾を落とされた都市は世界にたった二つしかありません。この都市の市長はその悲惨さを語る資格を持っています。そしてその二つの都市があるのは日本です。日本人一人ひとりが核爆弾がもたらす悲惨さを実感し、「核のない世界」を目指す努力を英語で語ることができるようになること、すごく重要だと思いませんか。以下の英文を読んだ後、設問にも答えましょう。
The mayors of the cities of Hiroshima and Nagasaki, scenes of the atomic bomb
attacks in 1945, have appealed for worldwide nuclear disarmament at the United
Nations in New York.
Preparatory talks for a review of the Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty or
NPT, began at the UN headquarters on Monday. On Tuesday, the mayors of the two
cities spoke before the preparatory committee.
Hiroshima Mayor Tadatoshi Akiba called on delegates to work together to
prevent children suffering from the effects of nuclear weapons. He talked about
a Hiroshima girl, who folded paper cranes in hopes of recovering. She eventually
died from leukemia at age 12.
He said that there should be no more children like her.
Akiba also called for support for the Hiroshima-Nagasaki Protocol, which lays
out a course for global nuclear disarmament by 2020.
Nagasaki Mayor Tomihisa Taue called on the leaders of nuclear powers to visit
Nagasaki. He said seeing the bombed areas and hearing the survivors' stories,
they would understand why he and others want a world free of nuclear weapons.
Sixty-nine-year-old Suekichi Kido, a Nagasaki atomic bomb survivor, appealed
to the participants not to repeat the bombings.
The NPT preparatory talks will continue until May 15th. Delegates from 190
nations are taking part in the NPT review, held every five years.
(May
6, 2009)
(1) 広島市の被爆者を代表して誰が語られていますか。日本語で示しなさい。
(2) 長崎市の被爆者を代表して誰が登場しましたか。日本語で示しなさい。
(84) ( / ) Japan’s health authorities say two high school students and one teacher who traveled to Canada are infected with the new strain of influenza, the first confirmed case in the country.
(May 9)
➀ health authorities(保健当局)=厚生労働省
➁ travel = to make a journey, typically of some length
➂ first confirmed case in the country(国内で感染者が確認されたのは初めて)
(訳)日本の厚生労働省は、カナダから帰国した日本人の高校生2人と教員1人が新型の豚インフルエンザに感染していることを確認したと発表した。国内で感染者が確認されたのは初めて。
(85) ( / ) Ichiro Ozawa, leader of Japan’s largest opposition group, the Democratic Party, has expressed his intention to resign as party leader.
(May 11)
➀ Japan’s largest opposition group(日本の最大野党)
➁ intention = determination
➂ party leader(党の代表)
(訳)日本の最大野党民主党の小沢代表は、党の代表としての辞任の意向を表明した。
(86) ( / ) Japan’s largest opposition party will soon choose a new leader after its current chief announces that he is stepping down to restore party unity.
(May 12)
➀ c urrent chief(現在の代表)
➁ step down(退陣する)
➂ restore = to return (something) to a former condition
(訳)日本の最大野党では現在の代表が党の統一を回復するために辞任する意向を表明したのを受けて、まもなく新たな代表を選ぶ。
(87) ( / ) Japan’s largest opposition group, the Democratic Party, has chosen Secretary General Yukio Hatoyama, as its new leader, to succeed Ichiro Ozawa, who resigned over a political funding scandal involving his secretary.
(May 16)
➀ Japan’s largest opposition group(日本の最大野党)
➁ secretary general(幹事長)
➂ succeed = to come after and take the place of
(訳)日本の最大野党民主党は、秘書が関わる政治資金疑惑で辞任した小沢代表の後任として鳩山幹事長を党の代表に選んだ。
(88) ( / ) The number of cases confirmed as the new strain of flu in Japan rose to 173 as of Thursday morning, including a one-year-old baby as well as people in their 50s and 60s.
(May 19)
➀ new strain of flu(新型インフル)
➁ as of ~(~現在)
➂ people in their 50s and 60s(50代、60代の人々)
(訳)日本で「新型インフルエンザ」と認定された事例の数が木曜日現在で、50代、60代の人々だけでなく、1歳の赤ちゃんを含み、173となった。
(89) ( / ) A new Japanese law came into effect on Thursday in which ordinary citizens will serve as lay judges in criminal court trials.
(May 21)
➀ come into effect(施行される)
➁ lay = not having professional qualifications or expert knowledge, especially in law
or medicine
➂ criminal court trial(刑事裁判)
(訳)日本で新しい法律が木曜日施行されることになり、一般市民が刑事裁判に裁判員として参加することになった。
<ニュースの背景14>-日本で栽培員制度スタートー
施行される前の調査で、国民の中に依然「気が進まない」と考えている市民が大勢いる中で5月21日、「裁判員制度」が始まりました。「国民のための司法」を目標に掲げた改革ですが、「主人公」の市民にどれだけ「参加する意義」が浸透していくかがカギとなるでしょう。次の記事を読んで、下の設問に答えてみましょう
A new Japanese law came into effect on Thursday, allowing ordinary citizens to
serve as lay judges in criminal trials for the first time ever. Starting on
Thursday the lay judge system will be applied to serious criminal cases such as
murder, robbery and arson. Prosecutors say several such cases will be filed in
Japan on the first day of the system.
Prospective lay judges are expected to be summoned starting next month, and
the first trial attended by lay judges will probably be held in late July. Under
the system, 6 citizens are selected among people aged 20 or older for a single
trial. They will work with 3 judges in deciding whether the accused is innocent
or guilty. For a guilty verdict, they will also be involved in deciding the
sentence.
Ordinary citizens take part in US and European courts. The start of the lay
judge system marks a major turning point in Japan's criminal court history. The
purpose of the system is to make criminal trials more transparent to the public
by reflecting the perceptions and views of ordinary
people. (May 21, 2009)
(1)「裁判員制度」は英語では何と表現されているか、本文中から抜き出しましょう。
(2)この制度の下では、裁判員はどんな種類の刑事事件の裁判に関わるのか、日本語で示しましょう。
(90) ( / ) The Keio University team has produced brain cells using artificially-induced stem cells from a sufferer of Parkison’s disease.
(May 22)
➀ brain cell(脳細胞)
➁ artificially-induced stem cell(人工的に誘発された幹細胞)
➂ Parkinson’s disease =a progressive disease of the nervous system marked by tremor,
muscular rigidity, and slow imprecise movement, chiefly
affecting middle-aged and elderly people.
(訳)慶応大学の医療チームがパーキンソン病の患者から入手した人工的に誘発された幹細胞を利用して脳細胞を生み出した。
5-B 5月(国際ニュース)
(91) ( / ) U.S. automaker Chrysler has filed for bankruptcy protection, and will seek reorganization with financial support from the U.S. and Canadian governments.
(May 1)
➀ file for bankruptcy protection(破産法の申請をする)*米連邦破産法11条
➁ seek reorganization(組織の再建を求める)
➂ financial = monetary
(訳) 米自動車メーカー、クライスラーが、破産法適用を申請して、米国およびカナダ政府の財政的支援で再建を求めることとなった。
(92) ( / ) A South Korean Navy team has thwarted an attempted attack by pirates on a North Korean cargo ship off the coast of Somalia.
(May 5)
➀ navy = the branch of the armed services of a state which conducts military operations at sea
➁ thwart(妨げる)
➂ cargo ship(貨物船)
(訳) 韓国海軍の1部隊がソマリア沖で海賊による北朝鮮の貨物船襲撃をはばんだ。
(93) ( / ) U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Clinton and Russian Foreign Minister Sergei Lavrov have agreed that the two countries should accelerate talks for a new nuclear disarmament treaty.
(May 8)
➀ accelerate = to increase in extent
➁ nuclear disarmament(核軍縮)
➂ treaty(条約)
(訳) 米国のクリントン国務長官とロシアのラブロフ外相が新たな核軍縮条約に向けての協議を推進することで合意した。
(94) ( / ) Iraq’s prime minister says his government will control security in urban areas even after U.S. troops withdraw by the end of June.
(May 11)
➀ control security(治安維持を指揮する)
➁ urban = relating to a city
➂ U.S. troops withdraw(米軍が撤収する)
(訳) イラクの首相は、米軍が6月末までに撤収した後もイラク政府が都市部のおける治安維持を指揮することを発表した。
(95) ( / ) Chinese President Hu Jintao will attend a memorial service in Sichuan Province on Tuesday to mark the first anniversary of the earthquake that left about 87,000 people dead or missing.
(May 12)
➀ memorial service(追悼式典)
➁ anniversary = the date on which an event took place
➂ leave about 87,000 people dead or missing(約87,000人の死者もしくは行方不明者を出す)
(訳) 中国の胡錦濤国家主席は火曜日、約87,000人の死者もしくは行方不明者を出した四川大地震発生から一年を迎えた追悼式典に出席する。
(96) ( / ) The U.N. Security Council is expressing grave concern over mounting civilian casualties in Sri Lanka, as government forces step up their attacks on minority Tamil insurgents in the country’s northeast.
(May 14)
➀ grave = serious
➁ mounting civilian casualties(増える民間人の死傷者)
➂ minority Tamil insurgents(少数派民族タミールの武装勢力)
(訳) スリランカ政府軍が同国北東部で少数派民族タミールの武装勢力に対し攻撃を強めたため、国連の安全保障理事会は増える民間人死傷者数をめぐって深刻な遺憾表明をした。
(97) ( / ) The chair of the U.N. climate change conference, or COP 15, has expressed hope that Japan will seek an ambitious mid-term target for cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.
(May 18)
➀ chair = the person in charge of a meeting
➁ COP 15 =the Fifteenth Session of the Conference of the Parties to the Climate Change Convention(気候変動枠組条約の第15回締約国会議)の略称。
➂ target for cuts in greenhouse gas emissions(温室効果ガスの排出量削減目標)
(訳) 国連の気候変動会議(COP 15)の議長は、日本には温室効果ガス排出量の中期削減目標で意欲的な目標を示して欲しいと希望を述べた。
(98) ( / ) U.S. President Barack Obama has failed to get a commitment on the two-state solution in the Middle East from Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu.
(May 19)
➀ fail to do = to behave in a way contrary to expectations by not doing something
➁ commitment(公約)
➂ two-state solution in the Middle East(「2国家共存」方式による中東和平実現)
(訳) 米国のオバマ大統領は、イスラエルのネタニヤフ首相から「2国家共存」方式による中東和平実現に向けて公約を得ることはできなかった。
<ニュースの背景15>-「2国家共存」方式の中東和平実現、なお遠しー
イスラエルに極右政党のネタニヤフ政権が再び登場したこと自体、中東和平が難しいと評されていますが、米国のオバマ大統領による打開策もまだ功を奏しなかったようです。ただし、問題が問題だけに粘り強く、交渉を続けてもらいたいと思います。とにかく、現状を把握しておきましょう。次の記事を読んで、下の設問に答えてみましょう
US President Barack Obama failed to get a commitment on the 2-state solution to
the Middle East troubles from Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu. Obama
had his first meeting with Netanyahu at the White House on Monday.
Obama said he supports the 2-state proposal for Israel and Palestine and
tried to persuade Netanyahu to accept it. Netanyahu avoided a clear answer and
said Israel has no intention to rule the Palestinians but cannot concede rights
to them.
Netanyahu said that Israel's political priority lies in addressing Iran's
nuclear development program. Obama agreed with Netanyahu, saying Iran will be a
threat to the international community if it obtains nuclear weapons. He also
said he wants to see results on Iran's nuclear development through dialogue and
diplomacy by the end of this
year. (May 19, 2009)
(1) 英文中で示される「二国共存」方式による中東紛争解決の提案に対して、イスラエルのニタニヤフ首相は、オバマ大統領との会談ではどう反応しましたか。日本語で示しましょう。
(2) この会談では何が合意されたか、日本語で示しましょう。
(99) ( / ) Former South Korean president Roh Moo Hyun has died while climbing a hill on Saturday. His aide has hinted that Roh might have committed suicide by jumping off a rock.
(May 23)
➀ aide = an assistant to an important person, especially a political leader
➁ hint(ほのめかす)
➂ jump off a rock(岩の上から飛び降りる)
(訳) 韓国の盧武鉉前大統領が土曜日、登山中に死亡した。側近は、盧氏は岩の上から自ら飛び降り、自殺したことをほのめかした。
(100) ( / ) Mongolia’s opposition Democratic Party has declared victory in the country’s presidential elections before the official vote count was completed.
(May 25)
➀ opposition = the parliamentary party opposed to that in office
➁ declare victory(勝利宣言をする)
➂ vote count(開票)
(訳) モンゴルの野党、民主党が大統領選挙で、公式の開票が終わる前に、勝利宣言をした。*民主党など野党が推すエグベグドルジ(Tsakhiagin Elbegdorj)元首相(46)が、現職で与党・人民革命党出身のエンフバヤル(Nambaryn Enkhbayar)氏(50)を破り、初当選した。